The key lifecycle: generation entropy rules, key storage security (HSMs), rotation strategies, and split secrets.

To secure highly sensitive keys (like root keys), Shamir's Secret Sharing splits a secret into N unique shares. The secret can only be reconstructed if a threshold of T shares (where T ≤ N) are combined, preventing a single point of failure or compromise.

SSS relies on polynomial interpolation: any point on a 2D graph can reconstruct a polynomial of degree T-1 if T distinct coordinates are known.